In this paper. we provide an overview of mitochondrial bioenergetics and specific conditions that lead to the formation of non-bilayer structures in mitochondria. Secondly. we provide a brief overview on the structure/function of cytotoxins and how snake venom cytotoxins have contributed to increasing our understanding of ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. https://allfixelectricales.shop/product-category/clutch-pawl/